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Perpustakaan Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum
UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Research method uses literature research and content analysis from the most
important Islamic sources, such as the Quran, Hadith, as well as the opinions of leading
researchers.
The results of the analysis find that halal consumption is a basic Islamic principle
that prioritizes justice, health, and welfare of individuals and society. Halal consumption
also reflects respect for the rights of Allah Almighty and moral life. At the same time,
eating haram food warns of the dangers and negative impacts that can harm Muslims
physically, mentally, and socially.
The results of the analiysis find The Hanafi Mazhab applies the theory of istihalah
in a more general framework. They accept this theory as a method that can turn
something unclean into sacred, either through natural processes such as fermentation of
wine into vinegar, or unnatural processes through mixing with other ingredients. The
reasons they put forward for expanding the use of istihalah are that if the unclean
properties have disappeared from the original material, then the law also changes to
lawful. They also use an analogy with the process of tanning unclean animal skin, and
associate it with the istihalah of wine undergoing a natural change into vinegar, with
similarities in terms of changes and exchanges of essence (properties and structure), as
well as the loss of unclean substances from the original material.
The Syafi’i Mazhab limits the use of istihalah only in certain situations. They
listed the following reasons: first, the prohibition of the Prophet from consuming jallalah
animals, that is, livestock whose diet included unclean and fecal ones. Second, they are worried that the process of istihalah (change) of feces does not take place perfectly, so
that only the physical properties and properties of feces change, while the nature still
contains unclean elements. Transformation in the exterior occurs when the skin of
animals other than dogs and pigs undergoes a tanning process, transforming it from an
unclean state to a sacred state. Before tanning, animal skins were considered unholy, but
after going through the purification process, they could be used lawfully. The analogy
can be applied to the alteration of oils and fats derived from various sources, such as
palm oil, animal fats, and vegetables, which are then converted into soap through a
process.

54/PMH/2024

54/PMH/2024

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